Fed Delivers Third Rate Cut as Labor Market Weakness Persists
The Fed lowered the federal funds rate by 25 bps to 3.50%-3.75% at the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting on December 10, 2025. This marked the third rate cut...
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Rising Consumer Optimism Supports Stronger Retail Activity
Indonesia’s Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) strengthened to 124.0 in November 2025 from 121.2 in October, driven mainly by improved consumer expectations and better assessments of current economic conditions. The Current...
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U.S. Consumers Sentiment Improve as Inflation Expectations Ease, Expect Fed Gradual Rate Cuts
U.S. Michigan consumer sentiment improved to 53.3 in early December 2025 from 51 in November, still pessimistic but above expectations as a better medium‑term outlook and lower inflation fears lifted...
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Indonesia’s FX Reserves Strengthen to US$150.1 Billion Despite Market Uncertainty
Indonesia’s foreign exchange reserves rose to USD 150.1 billion in November 2025 from USD 149.9 billion in October 2025. The increase in reserves was primarily driven by tax and service...
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U.S. PMI Mixed Signals: Weak Demand Drives Manufacturing Decline, Backlog Orders Bolster Services Strength
U.S. S&P Global Manufacturing PMI edged down slightly to 52.2 in November 2025 from 52.5 in October 2025, exceeding the market consensus of 51.9 and signaling continued expansion in the...
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Indonesia’s Annual Inflation Slower to 2.72% in November 2025, Led by Volatile Food Components
Indonesia’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased annually to 2.72% YoY in November 2025, down from 2.86% YoY in October 2025. However, the November 2025 annual inflation rate remained higher compared...
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Indonesia’s Trade Surplus Shrinks as Exports Soften and Oil Deficit Widens
Indonesia’s Trade Balance (NPI) surplus recorded a fairly deep decline to US$2.39 billion in October 2025 from US$4.34 billion in September 2025 (Figure 1). This decrease was caused by a...
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Indonesia’s Money Supply (M2) Growth Decelerates amid Weakening Bank Lending Activity
Broad money (M2) grew at a slower pace of 7.7% YoY to Rp9,783.1 trillion in October 2025, compared to 8.0% YoY in September 2025. By component, M2 developments were driven...
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U.S. Labor Market Moderated in September 2025
The U.S. labor market data released after the end of the government shutdown showed signs of improvement, though not across all indicators. In the latest September 2025 data, Nonfarm Payrolls...
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